Fig. 3. Physiological basis for subspecies differences in brain gene expression. (A) Rank correlation analyses (Spearman’s ρ) between PC3 (gene loadings) from Experiment 1 (see Fig. 1B) and treatment effects from Experiment 2. (B) Methoprene only, as a function of magnitude of genetic differences (fold-gene expression differences) between A. m. ligustica and A. m. mellifera. (C) Age-related differences in circulating titers of juvenile hormone between ligustica and mellifera.